ID: 3BHS REV: C. Product guide. UN Quick installation guide RU. UN Quick installation guide IT. UN Quick installation guide PT. UN Quick installation guide FR. UN Quick installation guide EN. UN Quick installation guide DE. UN Quick installation guide CN. REV: A. ABB Care for excitation systems and synchronizing equipment. ID: 8VZZ Do not touch the person until the system is grounded. Operators must be familiar with the emergency shutdown sequence of the system. Residual voltage of the rotating machine is present immediately after shut-down of the system.
There is a danger of electric shock. Wait until the system is grounded. Electrical and magnetic fields. The system can cause malfunction of pacemakers. Avoid being close to the excitation system. Electrical and magnetic fields can influence pacemakers.
It is difficult to predict the general sensitivity of pacemakers. The content of the warning sign contains information about the respective situation and the preventive safety measures that must be taken. Disconnect power and ground equipment before maintenance work. This signal word can also be used for warnings related to equipment damage. This chapter contains: Hardware description Operation modes and software features Parameter description 3.
All operations are effected through a practical and simple-to-operate panel on the unit. In addition, user-friendly software facilitates commissioning and allows optimization of operation. The mechanical construction is extremely compact and robust. Cooling is done by the main heat sink on top of the device. The unit itself is covered with plastic and provides an IP20 protection.
The average value of the output voltage is always positive. The output is current- limited and thus short-circuit-proof. Control elements The display panel and connectors for the USB and Ethernet interface are located on the unit cover. Installation The site of installation must be dry and free of dust. Digital and analog IO has highest priority and cannot be overridden by any other controls.
The communication can be performed either via RS or Ethernet. More information about the connection possibilities can be found in Chapter 3.
Measurement reading. Setpoint adjustment and PID tuning. Possibility to create a custom application that uses Remote Access to fully control the device. Monitor only and full control possible. The Remote Access feature is fully interoperable with the CMT software; both interfaces can access and read from the device at the same moment.
Control permission write parameters is handled automatically by the AVR microcontroller. The Remote Access feature is described in detail in Chapter 3. Figure Terminal Block of UN Excitation ON not active Excitation ON command not active: All setpoints are immediately set to their initial values and remain fixed there see table on the right.
Auto, Manual and Open loop Initial setpoints can be changed from there standard start-up values. Gen CB Closed Status no longer active Circuit-breaker closed status changes from active to not active. PF Enable Activates Power factor regulation. Binary coding to select 4 net IDs or left side breaker in ring structure. For more information see Chapter 3. All control registers are reset to default, excitation is switched off if controlled over Modbus Requires Modbus Option FCB closed Status Field circuit breaker closed status active.
External Alarm Input to use as External Alarm input. Each DIO port can be configured as only input or only output at the same time. Forcing a digital input terminal can be done by configuring the Polarity parameter of an input to Normal or Inverted. When Polarity is set to Normal, the digital input is set to not active, i.
When it is set to Inverted, the input is set to active, i. The digital input which is being configured, must not be wired at the device terminals. For more information about configuration see Chapter 6 - Operation. The boost function is blocked during field flashing and Softstart. Field Flashing See section 2. The next field flashing can only be started after Excitation ON or after the power has been switched off.
During field flashing the output of the regulator is blocked in all operation modes. This level represents a defined scaling, which is shown in the table below. It represents the actual field voltage output of 0. Only one of the above features can be used at same time. This section describes the hardware and wiring requirements for the communication interfaces.
The software features that use these communication interfaces are explained in Chapter 3. USB cable length is 3m. Use only the USB cable that is supplied with the device. Using another cable might cause communication failure or power over USB might not work correctly so that the device does not start. The electrical connections of the RS bus should be performed according to EIA standard specification.
The Ohm resistor that is normally used to terminate a RS bus is already included in UN and should be used by placing a jumper bridge over the X terminals. The X location is shown in Chapter 3. Cable type requirements Cable cross-section: 2 x 0. RS for VDC and remote access When configuring the RS interface for VDC or remote access, a jumper bridge must be placed over the X terminals of each AVR located at the end of the bus; and it should be removed from those not located at the end see Figure No resistor should be placed externally, i.
As shown in Figure the topology of the bus should be as "one line" with two endings, and not as a "star". The recommendations described in Chapter 3. The VDC feature operates only over RS and could not work properly if there is any other device incompatibly connected to the same bus.
The VDC software should be configured in each device prior to use. The configuration is described in Chapter 3. As will be explained in Chapter 3. A ohm resistor normally used to terminate the bus, is already included in the device and can be used by placing a jumper bridge over the X terminals. The location of the X terminals can be identified by referring to Chapter 3.
The CAN interface cannot be used for remote access and for any other purpose not explicitly indicated in this user manual. The cable used for the CAN communication has to be connected between the two channels, i. Main and Redundant, and not to any other device. To properly terminate the bus, place one jumper bridge over the X terminals of each device. Cable type requirements Cable cross-section: 2 x 2 x 0.
Shielded twisted pair. The cable shielding must be grounded. The Double Channel is an optional feature that should be previously activated in the device by password or product rubric , configured and the communication activated. For more information refer to Chapter 3. The table below shows the configurations. A set of basic software features is enabled by default in each UN product and is referred to as basic software package.
There are optional software features which extend the UN capabilities and which can be enabled by password. A pre-configured device with selected optional features can also be ordered by means of the product rubric number, and in this case there is no need for software activation by password. More information regarding the activation procedure can be found in Chapter 6. The following sections explain the complete UN software including optional features. It is clearly mentioned at the beginning of the description if a software feature is optional or not.
After the configuration of the device, the parameters should be stored in the non- volatile EEPROM memory; otherwise the changes are lost after restarting the device. Tuning and other parameters are described in Chapter 3. Note: No limiters are active as long as this mode is active. ESM This feature is called Channel Follow-up. The phase can be compensated as described in Chapter 3. Setpoint Setting for the Regulator3. The setpoints of the non-active regulators follow the relevant operating point.
Cooling is done by the main heat sink on top of the device. The unit itself is covered with plastic and provides an IP20 protection. The average value of the output voltage is always positive. The output is current- limited and thus short-circuit-proof. Control elements The display panel and connectors for the USB and Ethernet interface are located on the unit cover.
Installation The site of installation must be dry and free of dust. The UN device can be operated and controlled in different ways as described in the rest of this section. The UN can be controlled by means of digital and analog inputs and can therefore set up several configurations to fulfill most target applications.
Digital and analog IO has highest priority and can not be overridden by any other controls. More information about the connection possibilities can be found in Chapter 3. Measurement reading. Setpoint adjustment and PID tuning. Possibility to create a custom application that uses Remote Access to fully control the device.
Monitor only and full control possible. The Remote Access feature is fully interoperable with the CMT software; both interfaces can access and read from the device at the same moment and control permission write parameters is handled automatically by the AVR microcontroller. The Remote Access feature is described in detail in Chapter 3. No jumpers are set when devices are supplied by UAUX from external. Note: The internal 24 V supply V1 to V6 can be loaded with a maximum of mA by all used digital inputs and outputs.
Two jumpers X for - X Two jumpers X for See terminals the bus terminating resistor. Jumpers must be placed at both ends of the bus. PF Enable 5 Activates Power factor regulation. Var Enable 5 Activates Reactive power regulation. Manual Enable Activates Manual operation mode field current regulation.
Binary coding to select 4 net IDs or left side breaker in ring structure. For more information see Chapter 3. All control registers are reset to default, excitation is switched off if controlled over Modbus FCB closed Status Field circuit breaker closed status active.
Each DIO port can be configured as only input or only output at the same time. Each digital input signal can be set to a predefined value i. Forcing a digital input terminal can be done by configuring the Polarity parameter of an input to Normal or Inverted.
When Polarity is set to Normal, the digital input is set to not active, i. When it is set to Inverted, the input is set to active, i. The digital input which is being configured, must not be wired at the device terminals.
For more information about configuration see Chapter 6 - Operation. Output Function Description None Output not assigned Boost Status signal boost is active Boost supports excitation in the event of line short circuit or heavy load. The boost function is blocked during field flashing and Softstart. See section 2. During field flashing the output of the regulator is blocked in all operation modes.
Close CB The command is released: Command 3 - Angle is in a value where it would take the Total CB Closing Time for the breaker to close at zero degrees with current speed and acceleration. Note: When configuring an external setpoint from the analog input list shown above, the "Remote SP Enable" digital input should also be configured. A minimum and maximum voltage level can be set for every analog input. This level represents a defined scaling, which is shown in the table below.
Setpoint min Ext. Setpoint Auto. A minimum and maximum voltage level can be set for every analog output. Aout [V] Analog outputs can be forced to a certain level by selecting the min and max voltage level to the same value. The UN has three main communication ports to share several features that can be used in combination to cover the requirements of an application. Only one of the above features can be used at same time. This section describes the hardware and wiring requirements for the communication interfaces.
The software features that use these communication interfaces are explained in Chapter 3. Use only the USB cable that is supplied with the device.
Using another cable might cause communication failure or power over USB might not work correctly so that the device does not start. Remote Terminal. The electrical connections of the RS bus should be performed according to EIA standard specification. The Ohm resistor normally used to terminate a RS bus is already included in UN and should be used by placing a jumper bridge over the X terminals.
The X location is shown in Chapter 3. Cable type requirements Cable cross-section: 2 x 0. The cable shielding shall be grounded as closely as possible to the device's terminals as shown in the figure below.
RS Max. X 30 mm. Shielding should be grounded. When configuring the RS interface for VDC or remote access, a jumper bridge must be placed over the X terminals of each AVR located at the end of the bus; and it should be removed from those not located at the end see Figure No resistor should be placed externally, i. As shown in Figure the topology of the bus should be as "one line" with two endings, and not as a "star". The recommendations described in Chapter 3.
The VDC feature operates only over RS and could not work properly if there is any other device incompatibly connected to the same bus. The VDC software should be configured in each device prior to use. The configuration is described in Chapter 3.
As will be explained in Chapter 3. A ohm resistor normally used to terminate the bus, is already included in the device and can be used by placing a jumper bridge over the X terminals. The location of the X terminals can be identified by referring to Chapter 3. The CAN interface cannot be used for remote access.
The cable used for the CAN communication has to be connected between the two channels, i. Main and Redundant, and not to any other device. To properly terminate the bus, place one jumper bridge over the X terminals of each device.
Cable type requirements Cable cross-section: 2 x 2 x 0. Shielded twisted pair. The cable shielding must be grounded. The Double Channel is an optional feature that should be previously activated in the device by password or product rubric , configured and the communication activated. For more information refer to Chapter 3. Shielding Shielding. The UN device supports several operating modes and software features, such as machine voltage regulator Auto , field regulator Manual , measurements monitoring and others which are described in detail in this section.
The table below shows the configurations. A set of basic software features is enabled by default in each UN product and is referred to as basic software package. There are optional software features which extend the UN capabilities and which can be enabled by password.
External current measurement Option 3. A pre-configured device with selected optional features can also be ordered by means of the product rubric number, and in this case there is no need for software activation by password. More information regarding the activation procedure can be found in Chapter 6. The following sections explain the complete UN software including optional features. It is clearly mentioned at the beginning of the description if a software feature is optional or not.
After the configuration of the device, the parameters should be stored in the non-volatile EEPROM memory; otherwise the changes are lost after restarting the device. There is a bumpless changeover between all modes performed by the Channel Follow-up function. Tuning and other parameters are described in Chapter 3.
Regulates the terminal voltage of the synchronous machine. PID Regulator. Regulates the field current of the excitation machine. PI Regulator Note: No limiters are active as long as this mode is active. Regulates the power factor or reactive power of the synchronous machine. Note: No limiters are active as long as this mode is active. While the UN device is operating at one operation mode, the setpoint from the other modes are following the actual one in order to provide a soft transition, with no bumps e.
This feature is called Channel Follow-up. The phase can be compensated as described in Chapter 3. All setpoints have the following parameters - Minimum - Maximum - Ramp Rate.
The setpoints of the non-active regulators follow the relevant operating point. For example, for reactive power regulation Var the setpoint of the auto regulator follows the current machine voltage.
This allows surge-free switching between operating modes if the new setpoint is within the setpoint limit. For more information refer to the appropriate sections. This gives a derivator gain of 4 x Vp.
The parameter can be set between 1 and 4, which will give a derivator gain between 2 and 5 Vp. The kceilnig factor will be adjusted depending on the Upower input.
By default the Upower NoLoad is set to 0V, which will lead to fix kceiling. For more information [s] consult Chapter 3. Hold time Ramp. Soft start level. Machine voltage Excitation ON - Pick-up volt. FRT detection is a very fast detection of voltage dips as it is defined by grid code requirements. The output is used to give a fast indication to the governor control in order to remove active power.
This will prevent the generator to trip because of speeding up. The output is only activated in case the active Power is over the configurable power threshold. Voltage Matching is a function from the Synchronization software Chapter 3. More information about Voltage Matching can be found in Chapter 3.
The automatic synchronization of a synchronous machine with the Line is achieved using the optional integrated synchronizing function. By setting few simple parameters, UNITROL supplies the corresponding control signals for the speed governor and closes the circuit breaker. The reference setpoint value for the speed governor must be nominal 50 or 60 Hz and the Fbias given by UNITROL will drive the speed close to actual network frequency.
Synchronization should never be performed by calculation only. All measurements shall be confirmed on site before synchronization takes place. Power circuit breaker CB must not be closed unless both voltages are at least approximately synchronous coincident. Otherwise, this may result in faults in line operation, loading of the synchronous machine and, in extreme cases, damage to the synchronous machine. A separate synchrocheck relay must be used to secure the right operation. For further information please contact ABB.
The voltage matching function gives the adjusting value to the internal voltage regulator and the frequency matching function sends the analog signal Fbias to the turbine regulator. Voltage Offset is provided in the current software release for backwards compatibility with earlier versions. Note 1: Voltage correction can be achieved by modifying the Network PT parameters. Important: This parameter must be configured to False for backwards compatibility with releases 4. After the power circuit breaker has been closed, the Synchronize command must be deactivated.
The setpoint of the speed controller must have the nominal value of 50 resp. As an alternative to the fbias signal UNITROL also supports increase and decrease signals as digital outputs in order to adjust the speed. The digital outputs are pulse width modulated with ms base time. The more the machine frequency matches the network frequency, the shorter the pulses are. Maximum Minimum To enable dead bus synchronization, the digital input Sync Dead Bus enable msut be configured and applied.
In case of broken or open Unet PT measurement, the machine might be seriously damaged when applying dead bus synchronization. The Synchronization can be activated via digital input or Remote Access. The Synchronization and Voltage Matching are features that are activated using the same activation signal, called Synchronize.
When the Synchronization SW is not. On the other hand, when Synchronization SW is available i. LED on in the SW-options window of CMT , Synchronize input will fully activate the Synchronization feature, which also includes the capability of voltage matching and the Fbias output.
For more information about Voltage Matching see Chapter 3. This feature equally shares the amount of reactive power between generators connected in parallel to the same bus by using the RS bus for communication between AVRs. In order to get a smooth transition between any mode and VDC mode the load sharing is activated over a ramp time.
Machine voltage. If VAR is outside this range the voltage will be adjusted according to the set droop Kq. Voltage droop compensation can be used for two different bus configurations. The VDC communication refers to the data transmitted over the RS bus whereas the VDC operating mode refers to whether this data is used for compensation of the reactive power or not. Once the VDC communication is enabled, the data available on the bus is taken and used for the regulation.
The availability of the VDC communication disregarding the operation mode even during Excitation Off allows the cabling connections and communication quality to be easily tested. The wiring connections of the RS bus are explained in Chapter 3. The VDC software supports the network to be divided into smaller entities. The Primary Net open breaker is selected by default if the Secondary is not configured.
The user can select 4 different net IDs depending on two digital inputs. The list below shows an example of how to set the net IDs for each AVR in relation to the digital input.
VDC mode can also be used in a ring structure, where the ring can be split up and the AVR automatically shares load with the connected machines. A ring is based on segments with a left decreasing and right increasing breaker. The number of machines inside a segment is not limited. Only the maximum number of total machines is limited to Where Secondary Net 2 is used for the left side decreasing breaker and Secondary Net 1is used for the right side increasing breaker.
Segment 1 Segment 2 Segment 3. Ring segment, terminated by left Ring segment, terminated by left Ring segment, terminated by left and right side breaker and right side breaker and right side breaker. The auxiliary contact of the breaker must be wired only inside the segment. In order to select the correct machines regarding the load sharing, all AVRs give the information of the segment breaker and their own position Segment number over the RS bus to all other AVRs.
Each AVR is collecting all status information of the ring tie breakers over the RS bus in order to select the correct load sharing group. In case of a separated segment the load sharing takes place on the remaining ones and separately on the isolated segment.
T1 at Max continuous Ie T1 [] Max. The SW-feature is also used for single channel systems in order to force the system into Manual mode or trip excitation. The configuration is performed using a so called Configuration Matrix. In addition, 8 monitor functions can be configured in order to control 3 Monitor. The monitor Alarm outputs can also be routed to the Supervision alarm and trip outputs.
With the configuration matrix the customer can define up to 5 independent digital output signals. Redundant Channel support Channel changeover, DCH Follow-up and DCH communication The Channel Changeover is a feature used to transfer the control to the other channel; normally used when the active channel trips or under special circumstances i. Throughout the CAN bus, measurements, statuses and setpoints are transmitted and received from both channels. The data information can be read from Panel, CMT, using Remote Access and is used for the channel changeover functionality.
The features included in the Redundant Channel support channel changeover, follow-up and communication are in operation and active as long as the DCH CAN communication is enabled and error-free. However, DCH Supervision can be used independently of the existence of a second channel, and is therefore, also suitable for single channel applications.
Otherwise the configuration is not possible and Alarm, Trip and Changeover digital output are unconditionally set to logical zero i. The schema in Figure shows the relationship between the main functions described. Supervision 2 Functions 19 3. Alarm 2 assignation. Trip assignation. Monitor 20 Functions 8 Standby Trip status config.
The DCH Supervision has a total of 21 status signals from different supervision functions. As shown in Figure , Alarm and Trip status signals are configured by a so called Configuration Matrix. Alarm and Trip are independent of each other and they can be configured differently. For instance, as soon as a monitoring function, which is configured to produce an Alarm, reports a failure, the Alarm status at the output of the Configuration Matrix will be set to active logical true.
The same could happen to the Trip status if the monitoring function is configured to produce a Trip. The configuration of Alarm and Trip is handled independently of each other and therefore it provides great flexibility when engineering a project-specific system. The status from each monitoring function is implemented with a latch.
Therefore, it is possible to determine which monitoring function causes an Alarm or Trip even after de- exciting the machine. The latch memory of all monitoring function statuses can be cleared by the digital input "Reset Alarm" only if the failure has already been diminished or by powering off the device Figure Monitor 20 Trip and Alarm status Alarm and Trip may be Functions may be monitored from configured to output or 21 the user interfaces not its status during the 8 Channel is in Standby.
Alarm and Trip Status can be configured as digital outputs DO , however as shown in Figure they are not directly connected to the output.
Instead, they are connected to the Standby Configuration boxes. The Standby Configuration boxes, shown in Figure , prevent Alarm and Trip to output their status values to the DO port during Standby mode; and this function can be used to prevent undesired alarms as long as the Channel is in Standby.
A list with all the DCH monitoring functions 12 is shown in Table Following, Table shows the 5 status signals from other UN functions which can also be configured with the Configuration Matrix. Monitoring Description Detection Function time 1. On CMT "Loss of 1 sec. Remote Control". Machine Voltage Machine PT monitoring function for 3-phase system 30 msec.
One or Two phases lost only. Machine Voltage Machine PT monitoring function for 3-phase system 60 msec. The function is activated only after the Softstart Loss of all phases is finished. Phase L1 PT monitoring function. Network Freeze Monitoring of the electronics for the Network voltage 60 msec. Machine Current Freeze Monitoring of the electronics for the Machine current 60 msec. Loss of control Supervision of PWM control msec. Loss of Excitation Supervision of Excitation current msec.
Temperature Supervision of controller temperature 2 sec. External Alarm Supervision of external digital input signal must be msec. On CMT assigned in the digital input section. External Alarm Failure condition: The digital input value is copied to the status of this function. Digital output supervision Digital output and 24V power supply supervision 10 msec on CMT Failure condition: Digital ouput current per pin Digital Output Fail exceeded ms or 24V output voltage goes below 12V dc Monitor Alarm 1 Configured monitor Alarm 1 Monitor Alarm 2 Configured monitor Alarm 1.
FCB Alarm Supervision of field current breaker. Rotating diode monitoring alarm. Supervision of diode monitoring trip status. Generator Over Voltage Configurable over voltage monitor configurable Configurable under voltage monitor 5. Generator Under Voltage configurable Will be activated after soft start is finished 6. Excitatino Over Current Configuralbe over current monitor Supervision of external digital input signal must be 7. External Alarm msec. Emergency Exc. OFF Emergency Exc.
Off Command latch 5 msec. Table Monitor function statuses that can be configured with the Configuration Matrix. The DCH Communication refers to the data transmitted over CAN between the two channels, and it contains setpoint information, measurements, status signals including Alarm and Trip and others. The status of this communication is logical one good when data coming from the Double Channel feature is received well and free of errors CRC check. To increase the flexibility, the Changeover dependency on Alarm and Trip status is configurable; i.
Each checkbox output is determined according to the rules shown in Figure An important setting is the checkbox connected to the DCH Communication Status, which additionally lets the signal pass through until the input of the AND gate. The decision logic from Figure shows that once the DCH Communication is enabled, the dependency of Changeover Status is defined according to the checkbox configuration and the Alarm and Trip status from both channels.
When, for instance, the checkboxes are configured according to Figure , the Changeover Status will be logical one when: the Trip Status from the current channel is equal to one, the Trip Status from the Second Channel is equal to zero i. The Changeover status value is latched retains the value when the AND gate output changes from zero-to-one.
The latched value may be cleared to zero using the Reset command only if the output of the AND gate is already zero as well. The Changeover status can be assigned to a digital output signal from the AVR. Channel Trip. Changeover status is latched DCH Comm. Status when it goes from zero-to-one edge detection. Status and user interfaces Ok is equal to zero i. Channel A A. The Changeover output is intended to be used together with the Standby input, in order to activate the Redundant channel and deactivate the Main one.
The Standby status can be set via Remote Access or via a digital input common case. Figure shows a typical example for the use of Changeover output to set the Redundant Channel to Standby or Active mode. The ResetAlarm input is normally used to clear the latch.
Main Channel Redundant Channel. In order to enable the correct setpoint follow up on Channel 1, the switch over output is delayed, configurable by the parameter SWO Startup Hold Time, which allows Channel 1 to initialize all filters and statuses before taking over control again.
The DCH Follow-up is different from Channel Follow-up, which is used to have bumpless changeover between operating modes within the same Channel. For more information about Channel Follow-up see Chapter 3. During DCH software operation, the Active channel sends the setpoints of the current operation mode and the one for Manual mode through the CAN interface. These two values are setpoints delayed and calculated out of the measurements of the Active channel; the delaying method minimizes the influence of failures on the setpoint calculation e.
At the moment of changeover, the Standby channel decides whether to take the setpoint from the Active channel over the CAN interface or from its current measurements, before it goes Active. The decision depends on the operation mode of both channels according to the following:. If operation modes on both channels are the same except for OpenLoop , the setpoint is taken from the Active channel, i. If the Standby channel has Manual mode enabled, the setpoint is taken from the Active channel, i.
If the Standby channel has Open Loop mode enabled, the setpoint after changeover is set to zero. For all other possibilities not described above, the setpoint will be calculated from the current measurements of the Standby channel; i.
Under these conditions, the setpoint is calculated based on delayed measurements from the own channel; the delaying method minimizes the influence of failures on the setpoint calculation and improves the bumpless characteristic. Limitations DCH Follow-up is not supported during synchronization. If a double channel system is engineered, the option Synchronization should be available only from one channel. Remote Setpoint via analog inputs should be avoided when using any feature from Redundant Channel support.
The reason is that it influences the DCH Follow-up functionality, and as a result, the latter could not work properly. Detection Status signal Description time for testing 1. Excitatino Over Current Configuralbe over current monitor Supervision of external digital input signal 7. External Alarm must be assigned in the digital input msec. DCH communication must be enabled to use the Changeover feature. This priority order is fixed in the AVR and not configurable. Even without functions from Redundant Channel support, a double channel system with UNPM40 can be built using analog and digital inputs and outputs as communication interface between the AVRs.
Furthermore, Alarm and Trip output signals from DCH Supervision could be used to extend the functionality to some extent.
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